DYNAMICS OF PERSONALITY
INTRODUCTION
It is absolutely true to state that the role of an individual personality traits makes them more adaptable and comfortable to certain jobs. Selecting a career on the basis of your personality feature can result in a pleasant outcome. For example, if an individual is introvert, and if he chooses to become an anchor, just because it has a greater scope, tell me, can he thrive in this profession for a longer period of time?
I believe that if you are an anchor, then you should have excellent communication skills, in short, you should possess an extroverted characteristic.
Whenever, we hear such term in our day-to-day life, the first things that comes to our mind is of famous personalities, like Virat Kohli; Sachin Tendulker or Narendra Modi, etc. Not only this, we inspire from them and try to become like them, and in this process, we might lose our uniqueness. However, we never try to understand that what does personality actually mean?
WHAT IS PERSONALITY ?
The term personality can be expressed as unique patterns of one’s thinking, feelings and behavior that differentiate an individual from another. In simple language, we can declare that personality means that how the person thinks and behaves, what is their attitude towards other people, groups, objects, events and culture. We can also state that this term defines human individuality.
It can also be defined in a way that how an individual behaves in a social environment, like, whether, they are an extrovert or introvert. This term also includes one’s abilities and skill set, and how they solve or handle various problems that occur in their life.
According to American Psychological Association, “the term “personality” can be expressed as the enduring behavioral patterns, traits, emotional patterns, and abilities that device a person’s reaction to the situations of their life.”
Furthermore, during research, I believe that the personality seems to be consistent with time, meaning, person usually behave more or less in a same manner across different situations. In addition, it becomes generally stable during adulthood.
In addition to, I am of the opinion that if any individual chooses a career that his incompatible with their persona, then it might result in a stressful, and unrewarding working environment.
TYPES OF PERSONALITY TEST
Big Five Personality
A model of personality traits produced by the renowned psychologist, name, McCrae & Costa, that describes five basic personality dimensions. These five dimensions are also known as the Five-Factor model. Moreover, these five elements can be remembered by using the acronym, OCEAN, in which each of the letter is the first letter of one of the five elements of traits.
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire
Hans J. Eysenck, one of the renowned Britain's leading psychologist proposed that an individual persona can be understood in terms of only three main dimensions. These Dimensions are: Psychoticism, Extraversion and Neuroticism
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
This personality questionnaire has been developed by Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs. One of the most widely used personality assessment, comprises of 70 items, that generally ask an individual that how he/she feel or act in a particular situation or event. So, there is no right or wrong answer, and on the basis of their answers, people generally classified as: Extraverted or Introverted (E or I); Sensing or Intuitive (S or N); Thinking or Feeling (T or F); & Judging or Perceiving (J or P)
THE FIVE-FACTOR MODEL OF PERSONALITY
A model of personality traits produced by the renowned psychologist, name, McCrae & Costa, that describes five basic dimensions. These five dimensions are also known as the Five-Factor model. Moreover, these five elements can be remembered by using the acronym , OCEAN, in which each of the letter is the first letter of one of the five elements of traits.
OPENESS TO EXPERIENCE
This element depicts characteristics, like, being imaginative, or tend to have wider range of interest. Generally, such people are inquisitive and acquisitive to learn new things and enjoy new experiences and events.
Furthermore, such people are more adventurous, and have creative notions. On the other hand, people, who are at the other end of this dimension are more traditional, might follow a set pattern of activities.
Possible Career Choices – Entrepreneurs, Artist, musicians, etc.
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
This component displays features like being organized, shows behavioral patterns which are goal directed, and generally plans every action. It can also be stated that such people think too much about how their behavior influences others. Also, they are quite mindful of meeting their deadliness. On the other hand, people low on this trait might procrastinate to get things done, might be clumsy, and spontaneous.
Possible Career Choice: Doctors, Engineers, CEO’s, etc.
EXTRAVERSION
This dimension can also expressed as extroversion, and here the traits include – sociability, assertiveness, talkative and able to express their emotions. Such people are outgoing and are generally comfortable and enjoy in social gatherings. On the contrary, there are people who are introverts, meaning they are shy, might not enjoy social gatherings, and enjoy solitude. Such people might be reliable and usually like the organized mode of life.
Possible Career Choice: Anchor, Radio Jockey, Sales executive etc.
AGREEABLENESS
This elements comprises of traits like, trust, kindness, affection, in other words, people who show pro-social behavioral patterns. However, people who are low in this trait might not be trustworthy, rather can be a manipulative individual.
Possible Career choice: Social workers, counselors, teachers etc.
NEUROTICISM
An individual who is generally moody, isn’t able to control their emotions, might get easily upset and frustrated. In other words, we can state that they are worrying individuals, and are overly emotional
However, this trait is something very negative, people who are high in this trait needs to be further tested by the trained psychologist and people who are low on this dimension are more emotionally stable.
EYSENCK PERSONALITY THEORY
Eysenck proposed three major independent personality traits, namely, Psychoticism (P), Extraversion (E), and Neuroticism (N), and therefore, it is also called as PEN model. According to him, one’s persona can be describe on the basis of following three dimensions:
NEUROTICISM
A kind of trait that can be very well associated with anger, anxiety, distress, irritability etc. According to Eysenck, neurotic people generally react in a more exaggerated way in normal situations. Its’ their tendency to easily become upset or emotional, and find it quite difficult to return to a normal level of their emotions.
On the other end of the scale, there are people who are emotionally stable, calm and composed, in other words, having a high degree of self-control.
EXTRAVERSION
The second dimension, which means having traits, like sociability, impulsiveness, chattiness, assertiveness and are able to express their emotions. However, on the other hand, there are people who are introvert, like they are less social, and might be more pessimistic as compared to extroverts.
PSYCHOTICISM
Here, Psychoticism refers to people who generally lack empathy, are antisocial, might be violent sometimes, and are aggressive and impulsive. Unlike the other two dimensions of this model, psychoticism does not have an inverse extreme, rather the intensity of this element differs from person to person.
MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator: This questionnaire has been developed by Isabel Myers and Katharine Briggs. One of the most widely used personality assessment, comprises of 70 items, that generally ask an individual that how he/she feel or act in a particular situation or event. So, there is no right or wrong answer, and on the basis of their answers, people generally classified as:
Extraverted or Introverted (E or I)
Sensing or Intuitive (S or N)
Thinking or Feeling (T or F)
Judging or Perceiving (J or P)
All of terms are described in a following way:
EXTRAVERTED VERSUS INTROVERTED (E OR I)
Extroverted individuals are quite talkative, enjoy social gatherings, and assertive. However, introverted ones are those who are shy, or who prefer to live alone or enjoy solitude, they might not able to express their emotions.
SENSING VERSUS INTUITIVE (S OR N)
Sensing people are usually practical, they never live in an imaginative world, rather focus on facts, also, they learn from their senses, that means, they learn from their experiences.
On the other hand, Intuitive people are usually focused more on their intuitions or unconscious process, sometimes, live in an imaginative world, and believe abstract theories.
THINKING VERSUS FEELING (T OR F)
Thinking people always use logic and reasons in order to handle any issue. That means, that are extremely dependent on facts and figures. While making any decision, they become more practical rather than emotional.
On the other hand feeling types refers to those individuals who rely on their personal values, and usually becomes emotional while arriving at any conclusion or making any decision.
JUDGING VERSUS PERCEIVING (J OR P)
Judging people are those who always wants everything in a structured manner. However, perceiving are those who are quite flexible and spontaneous. They are open minded, flexible to many situations.
These traits form sixteen different types of personalities, who’s basic traits are mentioned below. *
